Top 200 drugs: set 3

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1. Xanax — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: alprazolam
Brand name: Xanax
Drug class: Benzodiazepine (Schedule IV)
Common use: anxiety and panic
Key safety point: Dependence and drowsiness; dangerous with alcohol or opioids.

Remember: -azolam / -azepam = benzo; Xanax is C-IV, not C-II.

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2. Ambien — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: zolpidem
Brand name: Ambien
Drug class: Sedative-hypnotic (Schedule IV)
Common use: insomnia
Key safety point: Next-morning impairment and complex sleep behaviors (sleep-driving) boxed warning.

Remember: Ambien = zolpidem — sleep now, C-IV always.

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3. Adderall / Adderall XR — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: amphetamine/dextroamphetamine salts
Brand name: Adderall / Adderall XR
Drug class: CNS stimulant (Schedule II)
Common use: ADHD, and narcolepsy for the immediate-release form
Key safety point: C-II — no refills, a new prescription is needed after the authorized quantity is exhausted, while lawful partial fills supply the original authorized quantity; appetite loss, insomnia, and abuse potential.

Remember: Adderall = mixed amphetamine salts — C-II, no refills.

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4. Singulair — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: montelukast
Brand name: Singulair
Drug class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Common use: asthma maintenance and allergic rhinitis
Key safety point: Boxed warning for serious mood and behavior changes; it is a daily controller, never a rescue inhaler.

Remember: Montelukast controls; albuterol rescues.

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5. Flomax — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: tamsulosin
Brand name: Flomax
Drug class: Alpha-1 blocker
Common use: an enlarged prostate (BPH)
Key safety point: Dizziness when standing up; the eye surgeon must be told before cataract surgery (floppy iris syndrome).

Remember: Flomax makes the flow max — stand up slowly.

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6. Norco / Vicodin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: hydrocodone/acetaminophen
Brand name: Norco / Vicodin
Drug class: Opioid-combination analgesic (Schedule II)
Common use: moderate to severe pain
Key safety point: C-II with no refills; add up acetaminophen from EVERY product against the 4-gram daily ceiling.

Remember: Norco = hydrocodone + acetaminophen. Count the APAP.

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7. Flonase — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: fluticasone (nasal)
Brand name: Flonase
Drug class: Intranasal corticosteroid
Common use: nasal allergy symptoms
Key safety point: Works over days, not minutes; nosebleeds and dryness — aim the spray away from the septum.

Remember: Flonase is a controller — days to work, not seconds.

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8. Mobic — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: meloxicam
Brand name: Mobic
Drug class: NSAID
Common use: arthritis pain and inflammation
Key safety point: Boxed cardiovascular and GI-bleeding warnings; once-daily dosing; take with food.

Remember: Meloxicam = the once-a-day NSAID.

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9. Advil / Motrin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: ibuprofen
Brand name: Advil / Motrin
Drug class: NSAID
Common use: pain, fever, and inflammation
Key safety point: Stomach bleeding and kidney strain; take with food and never stack two NSAIDs.

Remember: Ibuprofen: one NSAID at a time.

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10. Jardiance — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: empagliflozin
Brand name: Jardiance
Drug class: SGLT2 inhibitor
Common use: type 2 diabetes and heart failure
Key safety point: Sugar leaves in the urine, so genital yeast infections and dehydration are common; ketoacidosis can happen even at normal glucose.

Remember: -gliflozin = SGLT2 — sugar out through the urine.

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11. Ultram — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: tramadol
Brand name: Ultram
Drug class: Opioid analgesic (Schedule IV)
Common use: moderate pain
Key safety point: Seizure risk and serotonin syndrome when combined with SSRIs; LASA look-alike with traZODone.

Remember: traMADol treats pain; traZODone treats mood.

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12. Deltasone / Rayos — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: prednisone
Brand name: Deltasone / Rayos
Drug class: Oral corticosteroid
Common use: inflammation, asthma flares, and autoimmune disease
Key safety point: Take with food; it raises blood sugar; a long course is tapered, never stopped abruptly.

Remember: Long prednisone courses require a prescriber-directed taper.

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13. Vistaril / Atarax — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: hydroxyzine
Brand name: Vistaril / Atarax
Drug class: Antihistamine
Common use: anxiety and itching
Key safety point: Drowsiness; do not confuse hydrOXYzine with hydrALAZINE, a blood-pressure drug.

Remember: hydrOXYzine calms the itch; hydrALAZINE drops the pressure.

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14. Buspar — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: buspirone
Brand name: Buspar
Drug class: Non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic
Common use: generalized anxiety
Key safety point: Dizziness can occur; it is not a benzodiazepine. Do not confuse buspirone with bupropion.

Remember: Buspirone treats anxiety; verify the name against bupropion.

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15. Glucotrol — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: glipizide
Brand name: Glucotrol
Drug class: Sulfonylurea
Common use: type 2 diabetes
Key safety point: Hypoglycemia can occur. Immediate-release glipizide is generally taken about 30 minutes before a meal; extended-release instructions differ.

Remember: Sulfonylureas squeeze insulin — so eat after you dose.

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16. Celexa — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: citalopram
Brand name: Celexa
Drug class: SSRI
Common use: depression
Key safety point: QT prolongation caps the dose at 40 mg daily (20 mg in older adults); LASA trio Celexa / Celebrex / Cerebyx.

Remember: Celexa is the SSRI; Celebrex is the NSAID.

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17. Klor-Con — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: potassium chloride
Brand name: Klor-Con
Drug class: Potassium supplement
Common use: low potassium, often caused by a diuretic
Key safety point: Take with food and a full glass of water; never crush extended-release tablets; too much potassium is dangerous.

Remember: Klor-Con: swallow whole, with water and food.

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18. Zyloprim — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: allopurinol
Brand name: Zyloprim
Drug class: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Common use: preventing gout attacks and lowering uric acid
Key safety point: It PREVENTS attacks and does not treat one in progress; stop and call for any rash.

Remember: Allopurinol prevents gout; it never rescues it.

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19. Bayer / Ecotrin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: aspirin
Brand name: Bayer / Ecotrin
Drug class: Salicylate antiplatelet and NSAID
Common use: pain, fever, and low-dose heart protection
Key safety point: Bleeding risk; never give to children or teens with a viral illness (Reye's syndrome).

Remember: Low-dose aspirin guards hearts; children get Reye's.

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20. Flexeril / Amrix — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: cyclobenzaprine
Brand name: Flexeril / Amrix
Drug class: Skeletal muscle relaxant
Common use: short-term muscle spasm
Key safety point: Very sedating and anticholinergic; short-term use only and avoided in older adults.

Remember: Cyclobenzaprine relaxes the muscle and the patient.

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