Pass Pharmacy Tech

Top 200 drugs: set 8

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1. Nizoral — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
ketoconazole
Brand name
Nizoral
Drug class
Azole antifungal
Common use
fungal skin infections and dandruff when used topically
Key safety point
Topical cream and shampoo are routine, but ORAL ketoconazole carries boxed liver-toxicity and QT warnings and is reserved.

Remember: Nizoral on the skin is routine; by mouth it is a last resort.

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2. Armour Thyroid / NP Thyroid — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
thyroid, desiccated
Brand name
Armour Thyroid / NP Thyroid
Drug class
Natural (porcine) thyroid hormone
Common use
hypothyroidism
Key safety point
Strengths may be expressed in milligrams with grain equivalents. This porcine T4/T3 product is not a direct dose-for-dose substitute for levothyroxine.

Remember: Desiccated thyroid strengths may show milligrams and grains.

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3. Astelin / Astepro — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
azelastine
Brand name
Astelin / Astepro
Drug class
Intranasal antihistamine
Common use
allergic rhinitis
Key safety point
A bitter taste and some drowsiness; prime the bottle and aim away from the septum.

Remember: Azelastine works in the nose — and tastes bitter.

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4. Macrobid / Macrodantin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
nitrofurantoin
Brand name
Macrobid / Macrodantin
Drug class
Urinary anti-infective
Common use
uncomplicated urinary tract infections
Key safety point
Take with food; it turns urine brown; it is avoided when kidney function is low because it cannot concentrate in the urine.

Remember: Macrobid works only in the bladder — brown urine is normal.

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5. Humira — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
adalimumab
Brand name
Humira
Drug class
TNF-blocker biologic
Common use
rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn's disease
Key safety point
Boxed serious-infection and malignancy warnings; the pens are refrigerated and self-injected.

Remember: Humira is a fridge drug — and infection risk goes up.

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6. Namenda — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
memantine
Brand name
Namenda
Drug class
NMDA receptor antagonist
Common use
moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease
Key safety point
Dizziness and confusion can occur; severe renal impairment requires a lower target dose.

Remember: Memantine partners with donepezil later in the disease.

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7. Orapred — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
prednisolone
Brand name
Orapred
Drug class
Corticosteroid
Common use
selected inflammatory and allergic conditions
Key safety point
Prednisolone and prednisone are different drugs; verify the exact drug, formulation, concentration, and dose. Do not infer the drug from the patient age.

Remember: Prednisolone and prednisone: read the full name and formulation.

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8. Nexium — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
esomeprazole
Brand name
Nexium
Drug class
Proton pump inhibitor
Common use
GERD and erosive esophagitis
Key safety point
Nexium delayed-release capsules and oral suspension are taken at least one hour before meals. Long-term use can be associated with B12 deficiency, low magnesium, and fracture risk.

Remember: Nexium is the S-half of omeprazole.

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9. Colace — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
docusate
Brand name
Colace
Drug class
Stool softener (surfactant laxative)
Common use
preventing constipation and straining
Key safety point
It softens stool but does not stimulate the bowel, and it needs plenty of fluid to work.

Remember: Docusate softens; senna pushes.

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10. Cleocin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
clindamycin
Brand name
Cleocin
Drug class
Lincosamide antibiotic
Common use
serious skin, dental, and anaerobic infections
Key safety point
Boxed warning for C. difficile colitis — report severe or bloody diarrhea; take with a full glass of water.

Remember: Clindamycin's boxed risk is C. diff diarrhea.

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11. Zovirax — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
acyclovir
Brand name
Zovirax
Drug class
Antiviral
Common use
herpes simplex, shingles, and chickenpox
Key safety point
Start early for best effect, keep fluids up, and lower the dose in kidney disease.

Remember: Acyclovir is the older cousin of valacyclovir.

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12. Viagra / Revatio — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
sildenafil
Brand name
Viagra / Revatio
Drug class
PDE-5 inhibitor
Common use
erectile dysfunction (Viagra) and pulmonary hypertension (Revatio)
Key safety point
Contraindicated with nitrates — the combination can crash blood pressure.

Remember: Sildenafil plus nitrates: never.

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13. Tresiba — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
insulin degludec
Brand name
Tresiba
Drug class
ULTRA-long-acting insulin
Common use
basal insulin coverage
Key safety point
High-alert drug lasting beyond 24 hours; hypoglycemia; it is not mixed with other insulins.

Remember: Insulin degludec provides long-acting basal coverage.

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14. Levemir — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
insulin detemir
Brand name
Levemir
Drug class
LONG-acting insulin
Common use
basal insulin coverage
Key safety point
High-alert drug; hypoglycemia; refrigerate unopened pens, then keep the in-use pen at room temperature.

Remember: Detemir and glargine are both basal insulins.

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15. Yaz / Yasmin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol
Brand name
Yaz / Yasmin
Drug class
Combined oral contraceptive
Common use
pregnancy prevention, plus PMDD and acne for Yaz
Key safety point
Drospirenone can RAISE potassium — caution with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or potassium supplements; boxed smoking-over-35 warning.

Remember: Drospirenone spares potassium — watch the K.

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16. MS Contin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
morphine
Brand name
MS Contin
Drug class
Opioid analgesic (Schedule II)
Common use
severe pain
Key safety point
Boxed respiratory-depression and addiction warnings; extended-release tablets are NEVER crushed; C-II, no refills.

Remember: Morphine ER: crushing it can kill.

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17. Humulin 70/30 / Novolin 70/30 — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
insulin human with insulin isophane (NPH)
Brand name
Humulin 70/30 / Novolin 70/30
Drug class
PREMIXED intermediate and regular insulin
Common use
twice-daily insulin coverage in diabetes
Key safety point
High-alert drug; the cloudy suspension is gently rolled, never shaken; dosed about 30 minutes before a meal.

Remember: 70/30 is cloudy — roll it, don't shake it.

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18. Paxlovid — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
nirmatrelvir/ritonavir
Brand name
Paxlovid
Drug class
Antiviral combination (protease inhibitor plus booster)
Common use
mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in high-risk patients
Key safety point
Started within five days of symptoms; the ritonavir booster causes MANY drug interactions, so an interaction screen is mandatory; the dose is lowered in kidney disease.

Remember: Paxlovid: five days to start, and screen every interaction.

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19. Depakote — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
divalproex sodium (valproate)
Brand name
Depakote
Drug class
Anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer
Common use
seizures, bipolar mania, and migraine prevention
Key safety point
Boxed warnings for liver failure, pancreatitis, and fetal neural-tube defects — it is avoided in pregnancy; blood levels are monitored.

Remember: Depakote carries three boxed warnings — one is pregnancy.

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20. Strattera — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name
atomoxetine
Brand name
Strattera
Drug class
Non-stimulant ADHD medicine (norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)
Common use
ADHD
Key safety point
NOT a controlled substance, so refills are allowed; boxed warning for suicidal thoughts in children and teens; it takes weeks to work.

Remember: Strattera is the non-stimulant — no C-II rules.

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