Top 200 drugs: set 9

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1. Pulmicort / Entocort EC — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: budesonide
Brand name: Pulmicort / Entocort EC
Drug class: Corticosteroid, inhaled or oral
Common use: asthma maintenance when inhaled and Crohn's disease when oral
Key safety point: Inhaled doses need a mouth rinse to prevent thrush; it is a controller, not a rescue.

Remember: Inhaled budesonide controls asthma — rinse after inhaled doses.

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2. Spiriva — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: tiotropium
Brand name: Spiriva
Drug class: Long-acting anticholinergic inhaler (LAMA)
Common use: COPD maintenance
Key safety point: Once daily; HandiHaler capsules go INTO the device and are inhaled, never swallowed; dry mouth.

Remember: Spiriva capsules are inhaled, never swallowed.

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3. Melatonin — supplement status and key safety context?

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Ingredient: melatonin
Common name: Melatonin
Use and safety: Melatonin is a substance sold as a dietary supplement in the United States, used by some people for sleep-related problems. Key safety point: Evidence and dosing depend on the condition; supplement content may differ from the label, and long-term safety is uncertain.

Remember: Melatonin supplements require product and safety checks.

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4. Omnicef — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: cefdinir
Brand name: Omnicef
Drug class: Third-generation cephalosporin
Common use: ear, sinus, and respiratory infections
Key safety point: It can turn stools reddish when taken with iron; possible cross-reaction in penicillin allergy.

Remember: Cefdinir with iron can cause reddish stools; flag unexpected stool changes for the pharmacist.

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5. Silenor / Sinequan — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: doxepin
Brand name: Silenor / Sinequan
Drug class: Tricyclic antidepressant
Common use: depression and anxiety at higher doses, insomnia at very low doses
Key safety point: Drowsiness can occur; antidepressant and low-dose insomnia formulations have different doses and precautions. Do not assume low-dose products have no adverse effects.

Remember: Doxepin formulation and dose determine the labeled use.

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6. Zyprexa — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: olanzapine
Brand name: Zyprexa
Drug class: Atypical antipsychotic
Common use: schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Key safety point: Boxed warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis; weight gain, hyperglycemia, and lipid changes can occur.

Remember: Olanzapine: monitor weight, glucose, and lipids.

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7. Adipex-P — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: phentermine
Brand name: Adipex-P
Drug class: Appetite-suppressant stimulant (Schedule IV)
Common use: short-term weight management with diet and exercise
Key safety point: C-IV, short-term use only; it raises blood pressure and can keep patients awake.

Remember: Phentermine is C-IV and short-term only.

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8. Ocuflox — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: ofloxacin ophthalmic solution
Brand name: Ocuflox
Drug class: Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
Common use: susceptible bacterial eye infections
Key safety point: This product is for the eye; ofloxacin ear products are separate formulations. Avoid contaminating the dropper tip.

Remember: Ofloxacin: check eye versus ear on the actual label.

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9. NuvaRing — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel
Brand name: NuvaRing
Drug class: Combined hormonal vaginal ring
Common use: pregnancy prevention
Key safety point: In for three weeks, out for one; stored in the refrigerator before dispensing; same boxed smoking-over-35 clot warning.

Remember: NuvaRing: three weeks in, one week out.

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10. Bactroban — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: mupirocin
Brand name: Bactroban
Drug class: Topical antibiotic
Common use: specified skin infections; a separate nasal formulation has distinct decolonization indications
Key safety point: Skin and nasal products have different directions. Do not place ordinary skin ointment in the nose without checking the prescribed product.

Remember: Mupirocin: skin and nasal formulations are distinct.

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11. Lotensin — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: benazepril
Brand name: Lotensin
Drug class: ACE inhibitor
Common use: high blood pressure
Key safety point: Dry cough, high potassium, and a boxed fetal-toxicity warning — the same class rules as lisinopril.

Remember: Another -pril: cough, potassium, never in pregnancy.

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12. Timoptic — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: timolol (ophthalmic)
Brand name: Timoptic
Drug class: Beta-blocker eye drop
Common use: glaucoma
Key safety point: Even eye drops reach the bloodstream and can slow the heart or tighten airways — caution in asthma; press the inner corner after instilling.

Remember: Eye drops still reach the heart and lungs.

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13. Mag-Ox — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: magnesium oxide
Brand name: Mag-Ox
Drug class: Magnesium supplement that also works as an antacid and laxative
Common use: low magnesium and constipation
Key safety point: Diarrhea is the usual side effect; it accumulates in kidney disease; separate it from certain antibiotics.

Remember: Magnesium loosens the bowels.

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14. Risperdal — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: risperidone
Brand name: Risperdal
Drug class: Atypical antipsychotic
Common use: schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and irritability in autism
Key safety point: Boxed warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis; prolactin elevation and extrapyramidal symptoms can occur.

Remember: Risperidone can raise prolactin and cause movement effects.

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15. Calan / Verelan — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: verapamil
Brand name: Calan / Verelan
Drug class: NON-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
Common use: high blood pressure, angina, and heart-rate control
Key safety point: Constipation is the classic side effect; it slows the heart; extended-release forms are never crushed.

Remember: Verapamil slows the heart and the bowels.

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16. Linzess — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: linaclotide
Brand name: Linzess
Drug class: Guanylate cyclase-C agonist
Common use: IBS with constipation and chronic constipation
Key safety point: Boxed warning — contraindicated in children under 2 because of fatal dehydration; taken on an empty stomach 30 minutes before the first meal.

Remember: Linzess: empty stomach, and never in toddlers.

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17. Neoral / Sandimmune / Restasis — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: cyclosporine
Brand name: Neoral / Sandimmune / Restasis
Drug class: Calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressant
Common use: preventing transplant rejection, and dry eye as Restasis
Key safety point: The oral formulations are NOT interchangeable; boxed infection, kidney-toxicity, and specialist-supervision warnings; blood levels are monitored.

Remember: Cyclosporine brands never swap — the blood level shifts.

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18. Cardura — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: doxazosin
Brand name: Cardura
Drug class: Alpha-1 blocker
Common use: high blood pressure and an enlarged prostate
Key safety point: Postural hypotension and fainting can occur after the initial dose or a dose increase. Follow the prescribed schedule; the label permits morning or evening dosing.

Remember: Doxazosin: watch for first-dose dizziness or fainting.

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19. Combivent Respimat — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: albuterol/ipratropium
Brand name: Combivent Respimat
Drug class: Short-acting beta-2 agonist plus anticholinergic combination
Common use: COPD bronchospasm
Key safety point: Two bronchodilators in one; dry mouth and tremor; keep the mist out of the eyes.

Remember: Combivent = albuterol plus ipratropium.

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20. Cortizone-10 / Cortef — generic name, drug class, and main use?

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Generic name: hydrocortisone
Brand name: Cortizone-10 / Cortef
Drug class: Corticosteroid
Common use: selected skin itching with topical products and adrenal replacement with oral products
Key safety point: Formulation, site, and duration matter; follow the specific label and clinician directions rather than assuming all thin skin is safe to treat.

Remember: Hydrocortisone: match route and directions to the product.

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